Analysis Of Nineteen Shades Of Grey - 970 Words

There was a movie which was called Fifty Shades of Grey was released on February 2015. It had a number of controversies when it was just on show. That was because this film was based on E. L. James’ same name novel which has erotic content in the text. Essentially it was a romantic drama film, but it was divided into R-rated movie because of some sex scenes. This movie was directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. It stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele and Jamie Dornan as Christian Grey. This film was about literature student Anastasia Steele went to interview young entrepreneur Christian Grey which supposed to be done by her friend Katherine Kavanagh. And she met with Mr. Gray by accident. When she went into his office, she was falling down so that it made her impressive. Christian noticed that she was unique and attractive by chatting with her. Likewise, Ana had been attracted by Christian. But they had to say goodbye, because the interview was finish. It was rainy outside when she came out of his building. She felt nervous but still excited. She looked up to the sky but closed her eyes, she just wanted the rain to put out the fire in her heart. That was their first met. After that Christian found her in a store which she did some part-time job there. He asked her to go out and drink coffee. He wanted to do everything with her. But he knew who he was. He will not give what she wants, which was like normal couples, such as watching movies,Show MoreRelatedRomanticism and Modernism as Strange Bedfellows: A Fresh Look at Jack Kerouacs On the Road12240 Words   |  49 Pagesdirectors thereby creating a culture of fear that advocated control and censorship in America. The importance of conforming to the conservative right created a sense of alienation for many, including Kerouac and his Beat cohorts. This feeling helped shade Kerouac’s writing of On the Road with a modernistic hew. In their search to find meaning beyond the oppression of a McCarthy-ist America, Sal and Dean use movement and experience to find their Holy Grail. Larsen claims, â€Å"much of the novel seems toRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestheory focuses attention on the human issues in organization ‘There is nothing so practical as a good theory’ How Roethlisberger developed a ‘practical’ organization theory Column 1: The core contributing social sciences Column 2: The techniques for analysis Column 3: The neo-modernist perspective Column 4: Contributions to business and management Four combinations of science, scientific technique and the neo-modernist approach reach different parts of the organization Level 1: Developing the organizationRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagessituations, but keep in mind that the larger case studies, such as Convin Corporation and The Blue Spider Project, could have been lis ted under several topics. Several of the cases and situations have seed questions provided to assist the reader in the analysis of the case. An instructor s manual is available from John Wiley Sons, Inc., to faculty members who adopt the book for classroom use. Almost all of the case studies are factual. In most circumstances, the cases and situations have been taken fromRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagespalatalized consonant. It is not, however, a conclusive argument against the /b/ plus /y/ interpretation, for it can be argued that only the first consonant of a cluster is reduplicated. 3. The palatalized consonant solution draws a parallel with the analysis of kw, gw, etc., as single labialized consonants. But their behaviour is not parallel; thus á »â€¹kwà   (to push) has the imperative kwà  a (and not *kà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨a) and the gerund à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤kwà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨kwà   (and not *à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤kà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨kwà  ). Again, this is not an argument against the cluster interpretationRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 Pagesare seen for the wrong reasons. It s OK to be different. Continue being yourself. It worked out for me. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 1 Pep Guardiola, the coach in Barcelona, with his grey suits and troubled face, came up to me looking concerned. I thought he was all right at that time, certainly not a Mourinho or Capello, but an ok guy. This was way before we started our war. It was the fall of 2009 and I was living my childhood

LinkedIn Free Essays

The evolution of social media has led to a dramatic change in the way people communicate professionally. In 2002, a professional networking corporation launched a business and employment website that has replaced the way individuals apply for jobs. The website named â€Å"LinkedIn† has made it easier for employers to find their employees. We will write a custom essay sample on LinkedIn or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to the Economist, â€Å"it is an online contact book† where one no longer finds the need to walk into a workplace with their resumes in hand when they can search for jobs from the comfort of their own homes. â€Å"LinkedIn connects individuals seeking or starting work, or simply wanting more from their careers†. Those seeking employment simply create a LinkedIn profile, listing valid information about themselves such as skills, qualifications, job history etc. This results in an online resume that can be viewed by other professionals and allows them to get in contact with you. According to one of its founders Allen Blue, it is a â€Å"network of people†; traditionally, employees seek employers. However, LinkedIn gives the employer the option to find the employee they are looking to recruit, making LinkedIn an online social network where employers and employees are able to connect with one another. In addition, LinkedIn has made it easier for companies to recruit persons with the required skills or assets by enabling the option to â€Å"actively search for Candidates around LinkedIn members by using keywords.† This means that employers can simply input the traits of interest and LinkedIn will provide a list of potential candidates that meet the employer’s requirements. LinkedIn has created a massive change in the market for their labour-how they find jobs and how employers find them.While developments in social media have made it easier for individuals to find employment or recruit employees, it has also made it easier for employers to check up on the applicant that is about to undergo the hiring process. According to an article â€Å"56% of employers check applicants Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter etc.† While this process may be invasive to some, it allows the employer to make a good judgement before hiring someone who may not be the best fit for the job. An individual’s behaviour may contradict the mission or purpose of the organization. For example, if the owner of a rehab centre is looking to recruit new employees, a person who posts content of alcoholic beverages in multiple pictures of their Facebook profile is not someone that would fit the job position or title accurately. Though the individual may meet the employer’s requirements and expectations, they have failed to make an appropriate judgment on the types of content they release to the public eye. When employers check an individual’s social media networks, it is not for the purpose of invading one’s privacy, but to prevent them from making a decision they may regret in the future.In addition to posts on social media, employers impose limits on employees towards what they can and cannot post out into the public. This relates to socially unacceptable behaviour that can lead to affirmative action taken against the individual for not abiding with the company’s rules, leading to termination. An aggressive comment towards another individual or group that may indicate violence or considered offensive would be in contradiction with the company’s terms or regulations. The employee would then receive disciplinary action due to negative impact imposed on the company. Furthermore, socially unacceptable behaviour on social media includes political or religious views or stereotypes. For example, topics that your parents don’t allow you to discuss at the dinner table, your employer does not want it discussed on social media. Certain words can get a lot of recognition on social media especially if used in an incorrect manner.(hatecrimes) This can cause disorder and damage relationships in the work place as well as the general public. How to cite LinkedIn, Papers

Data Science Cookies Limited

Question: Discuss about the Data Science for Cookies Limited. Answer: Introduction Cookies Limited is one of the leading cookie making organization in Australia. It has been in the service for a long time. In every aspect of achieving success, this organization has made all the hard work. That is why in the field of customer satisfaction cookies Limited has put a good impact, in a case of growing the business this organization is ready to take any step to satisfy the customer according to their tastes. Everybody wants to be up to date according to the market. So Cookies limited just want to seek knowledge about how to grow their business to stay on the top of the list in this field. The satisfactory level of the customer, their tastes, and their financial part everything must be considered to be in the race of achieving higher success. Data storage and collection A well-organized data collection process should have an exact impact on protecting the stake holders or the participants. So this can be considered to be an essential part that the protocol gives a perfect image of a data collection process which must include the best practice methodology for the path of the process as well as the process that protects the privacy and the secrecy of the respected participants(Agricultural division selected publications through 2007, 2007). Data storage technique can be done in a various way, online data storage, data storage in hard drive, portable data storage drives also help in the field of storing data. Here are some brief information about storing data, Online storage technique One of the biggest benefits of storing data is having the access to the data from anywhere. Not only does it help to transfer data between different devices but also allows you to share files among different users. Online data storage techniques offer different advantages of saving the records off site; it makes sure that the data will not get lost in case of any disaster (Beaumont, Bocci and Haziza, 2014). Online data storage enhances the data protection and availability. Recently the term cloud storage has become most popular in the field of online data storage. Though most of the people use the term online storage' and cloud storage' alternatively but in the case of online storage, a service must be sold on demand. The online storage technique can be handled efficiently by the one who is the expert in the field (Thomas and Dosa, 2012). Hard drive data storage This is the most common and is used worldwide to store data on the particular machine in which the whole database is maintained (Buffington, 2010). Here Cookies Ltd. has maintained the fact of storing data very tactfully and efficiently is well to have all the required data in front. Disaster or power cut problems haven't affected the organization. They are always ready for any situation. Process of data collection In the case of collecting data there are various processes by which data can be gathered. First of letting us come to the process of observation which proves to be a perfect way to collect data. An observation is known as the observation of the public. The researcher here observes people interest in the particular field (DATA COLLECTION, 2009). They gather information by various surveys like the door to door survey, online survey, a survey of the market, etc. There are some crucial issues for which observation must be done by the process of a survey like the change of any observation from a public area to any personal area, Observation, which requires the private information for the given individual and lastly the observation which includes the risk which can occur during the implementation of the process. If any of the following is true then one has to go through a thorough observation in the public field to make the facts like demand and crisis parts clear. Here Cookies Limited has made all the possible observation to seek information about their future growth of the organization. Even they have gone through various interviews of the customer to know their exact point of view (Song and Zhu, 2009). This concludes the result or the outcomes to make the organizational step more efficient which will favor the demand of the customer. Online data collection method helps them to gather the data they want to increase the business online. Modern day technologies like social media have helped them a lot to collect a different kind of information. There are customers all around the world, who have more than a single demand, the list of their respective demand can be gathered through various online surveys, Cookies Ltd. has done all the possible task to have all the data and the information. They always look forward to serving the best; they always try to fulfill the demand of their customers. The main business policy lies in this part only where they are taking every po ssible step to put the best impact in the market (FLEMING, 2008). The method to survive several disaster for online business There are many ways in which disaster can occur. Some proper ways are needed to get rid of those disasters. The documents of any organization or the structures must be kept safely so that any disaster cant put any effect on the particular organization. One thing has to be considered about the disasters that it shouldnt put much negative impact on the organization. The case of online businesses are very sophisticated because power outage is the most common problem where it can damage the unsaved files or documents in a glimpse. So, it must be taken care very tactfully. The authority of any organization must take the full responsibility to divide the work of backing up all the data among the responsible employees. Other problems like earth quake, bad weather condition and flood are also there. This types of disaster can be very harmful for any online business organization. So the process of taking back up of the data is required every now and then. This service is provided by most of t he web sites such as Google drive. Data in Action Consumer-centric product design Product design is something that directly deals with the aspect of customer satisfaction (Xu, Sandorfi and Loughlin, 2010). An organization, whether it is large scale or small scale, design the product by the requirements and satisfaction of the customers. Thus, any organization should have a clear knowledge of the requirements of the customers as well as the product designing of other rival companies. For that, the company must have an analysis of other rival organization's product design as well as their production procedure and the customer feedback. Here the Cookies Limited company is one the most successful cookies producing organization (Gungor, 2007). To improve their product design ad to reach the requirements of the customers the mentioned company should have a clear analysis of the product designs of other competitor companies and the facilities they are providing through their products to the customers. After that, the company, here the Cookies Limited Company should ident ify the issues or errors that they are facing regarding their products and the facilities they lack compared to their rival companies. After identifying the errors, they must prevent those errors and must implement or change their product as per as the customers' requirements. This whole process is dependent on the data collection and data action system (Hughes, 2012). The data collection is helping the mentioned company to get a clear knowledge on the product designing of the other potential rival companies. It also helps the company to design their products perfectly and to get better customer feedback which will ultimately be beneficial for the company as a whole. According to several surveys, the Cookies Limited Company has succeeded in analyzing the product designing of other companies and to implement their designs. The data action and the data collection process play one of the prime roles in designing the product of an organization (Hydrogen storage technology: materials and applications, 2013). Advantage of online business The advantage of online business for any organization whether it is a large scale or small scale, is so high. If an organization wants be global they have to communicate with others who are from different state or country or continent. In these cases the company has to be dependent on the aspect of online business or online communication. The Cookies Limited company being one of the most successful and busy companies they have a strong online business. Though they mainly prefer the face to face communication with their clients but sometimes when it comes to the global business they also have to take the advantage of internet and to do their business online. Other than these factors the organization, here the Cookies Limited Company are also using the internet for their data collection as well as for their online promotion of the products. Recommendation The data collection procedure or the data science is one of the prime aspects of an organization. To run an organization successfully, the management of the company should pay special attention towards the data collection procedure of the company (Miser, 2012). Sometimes there may occur some specific issues regarding their data collection procedure. Thus, the issues or problems must be prevented by the companies with the help implementation of accurate steps. The Cookies Limited Company being a very successful company is almost perfect with their use of data collection procedure, but still there are some aspects that need more attention and need to be modified or changed, for example, the security of the data. Being a very successful company the Cookies Limited Company should maintain a high security for the data collection procedure. As they have to share their confidential documents through the internet thus, they always have a risk of being hacked by their rival organizations (Oje da et al., 2014). Thus, they have to look after the security system of their data to make their company the Cookies Limited Company more safe and secure. Secondly, the process of analysis should be perfect. The process they are using for analyzing the product designing and the production procedure of their rival companies should be modified and up to dated. Otherwise, the mentioned company would not be able to analyze successfully the product designing process and the customer feedback of their potential rival organizations. These are the main aspects that the company should be concerned about for the betterment of their use of data collection as well as the all over the business of the company. If a company, here the Cookies Limited Company maintains or follows the mentioned recommendations, they would surely be benefited with their business (Semjon, 2013). Conclusion To conclude the report it must be admitted that the data collection and the data action procedure is one of the most important aspects of running an organization successfully. If any company has any problem with their data collection procedure, then it would never be able to increase the amount of their profit. The Cookies Limited Company being one of the most successful companies is quite impressive with their data collection as well as implementing and product designing procedure. Though they have some problems, they are working hard to prevent all the problems and to increase the business of the whole organization. Thus, it is quite clear that how much important the data collection procedure is as an organization and what role I play in the development and improvement of the organization as a whole. This report gives a very strong statement on the use, implementation and improvement of the data collection and data action procedure for the Cookies Limited Company References Agricultural division selected publications through 2007. (2007). Ardmore, OK: Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation. Beaumont, J., Bocci, C. and Haziza, D. (2014). An Adaptive Data Collection Procedure for Call Prioritization.Journal of Official Statistics, 30(4). Buffington, J. (2010).Data protection for virtual data centers. Indianapolis, Ind.: Wiley Pub. Data Collection. (2009).Acta Medica Scandinavica, 201(S600), pp.35-40. FLEMING, J. (2008). Observation, The Police And Public Administration: Introduction.Public Administration, 86(3), pp.621-626. Gungor, H. (2007).Observing and registering emotional satisfaction of customer contacts. [Amsterdam]: Amsterdam Univ. Press. Hughes, M. (2012). Assessing the Collection Through Use Data: An Automated Collection Assessment Tool.Collection Management, 37(2), pp.110-126. Hydrogen storage technology: materials and applications. (2013).Choice Reviews Online, 50(12), pp.50-6783-50-6783. Miser, B. (2012).MacBook Pro Portable Genius. New York: John Wiley Sons. Ojeda, T., Murphy, S., Bengfort, B. and Dasgupta, A. (2014).Practical data science cookbook. Birmingham: Packt Publishing. Semjon, J. (2013). The Procedure Designing Production Systems Based on CA Methods.AMM, 282, pp.246-251. Song, Y. and Zhu, D. (2009).High density data storage. Singapore: World Scientific. Thomas, K. and Dosa, D. (2012). Interviews with Australian nursing home managers reveal that various factors are associated with the decision to transfer a resident to hospital, including two factors not identified in previous research: advance care planning and support from local health services.Evid Based Nurs, 15(4), pp.123-124. Xu, L., Sandorfi, M. and Loughlin, T. (2010).Cloud storage for dummies. Milton, Qld.: Wiley Pub. Australia.

Japanese Negotiations Essays - Negotiation, Contract Law

Japanese Negotiations Japanese Negotiation When thinking about negotiations one might not realize how often that we negotiate in our everyday lives. Almost every activity that we do, especially when involving more than just ourselves, involves negotiations in some way, such as should we eat at Burger King or at McDonalds. You negotiate with someone else or even yourself in your decision. Negotiations are also very important in business dealings. The negotiation can make or break a business deal and even ruin the relationship of the two parties. Negotiations are a fine art that is very difficult to master, if the mastering of it is even possible. Different people negotiate in different ways, but every society follows the same basic guidelines for the most part. This is not true whenever you look at different cultures and their negotiation styles and tactics. Sometimes these styles can be very different from what we have grown a custom to. The United States for example has negotiation styles and rules that differ quit a bit fro m those of the Japanese. This is why it is important to keep these differences in mind when dealing with the Japanese whether it involves business or personal issues. For the sake of simplicity, we will be looking mainly at the business aspect of negotiations. This report will cover the basics of negotiation with the Japanese. This is only a brief guideline; one should keep in mind that if you are planning to take this subject further much more research should be done to fully understand all aspects of this area. The beginning of a negotiation can be a very critical one. For the most part, Americans want to jump right in a get down to business. This is do in mainly to our society and its fast paced way of doing business. We live in a fast paced world and feel that things need to be done quickly. This is not the same feeling shared by the Japanese though. When negotiating with Japanese, they like to take the time to get to know the other party first. They give great importance to trust when dealing with others. They need to know more about the other party in order to achieve trust in them. If Americans expect a negotiation with Japanese within the U.S. framework of a brief introduction, discussion of technical matters, supply and cost bargaining, and closing, they will surely be disappointed. Japanese, on the other hand, will feel rushed and pressured if they discover they will not spend much time finding out about the school backgrounds, relative company status, and family backgrounds of U. S . negotiators. Japanese need to feel a sense of harmony and cooperation. Without this phatic communication, of what from a U.S. perspective is trivial information (but nonetheless has an important function of building trust). Japanese feel that their relationship is not anchored and may drift. This is an uneasy situation in the extremely competitive world of Japanese business (McCreary p25-26). After this information is shared the Japanese will feel that they can enter into the negotiations. The negotiation normally follows the same pattern, or stages. After the introduction and the gathering of trust, the next stage is usually made up of the technical details of the product. The Japanese often insist on every single detail being explained several times. This once again is due to the issue of trust. They try to see if the details vary at all. The bargaining stage normally follows next. The U.S. style of negotiations normally causes the U.S. team to focus on prices that will be too h igh or too low. In contrary, Japanese normally shot for prices that are more reasonable. More of this will be discussed later. The final stage involves the strategies that lead to the signing of the contract. It is very important to keep in mind that the Japanese feel that a product that is not up to standard, that was presented in the negotiation are looked on as being shameful to the individual. They value the honesty of a deal and those involved in the deal very much. When doing business, many American companies rely on contracts to bind the agreement. The contract is looked

Free Essays on Police Conflict

Conflict: An Officer’s Excessive Force Torsten Ove, a Pittsburgh Post-Gazette staff writer, reported on April 24, 2001 that a confrontation between police and community transpired into a conflict. The altercation began when Officer Anthony Cortopassi noticed a couple passing a cigarette back and forth on the West End Overlook, a notorious â€Å"hot stop† for marijuana smoking. Officer Cortopassi approached the couple. When he did so he over heard possible suspect Dan Troiano’s girlfriend whisper, â€Å"Dan, it’s a cop!† Officer Cortopassi then claimed Troiano immediately threw what he assumed to be a marijuana cigarette away before he could detain the individuals for possession of a controlled substance. Dan Troiano claimed Officer Cortopassi then shoved him around while he was being handcuffed to a fence, injuring his wrist badly enough to require surgery to repair it. Officer Cortopassi claimed that he applied a â€Å"pain compliance† hold and handcuffed Troiano after Troiano thr ew an elbow during a pat-down search. The altercation resulted in the trial of Officer Anthony Cortopassi on the basis of using excessive force. As classified by the United States of America, an excessive use of force means an officer has â€Å"used more than the amount of force necessary to get control of suspects and protect themselves and other.† (Criminal Justice, Joel Samaha) But how does an officer know what exactly is the correct amount of force necessary to control a situation? Since possible criminal situations induce both non-violent and violent responses by possible suspects, the officer’s discretion to use force is at a premium. But want happens when the officer is the one who initiates violence in retaliation to what a possible suspect might have said or tried to do, regardless if any criminal activity took place? Again, discretion by the officer must be weighted to maintain a situation from escalating. It is clear that wi... Free Essays on Police Conflict Free Essays on Police Conflict Conflict: An Officer’s Excessive Force Torsten Ove, a Pittsburgh Post-Gazette staff writer, reported on April 24, 2001 that a confrontation between police and community transpired into a conflict. The altercation began when Officer Anthony Cortopassi noticed a couple passing a cigarette back and forth on the West End Overlook, a notorious â€Å"hot stop† for marijuana smoking. Officer Cortopassi approached the couple. When he did so he over heard possible suspect Dan Troiano’s girlfriend whisper, â€Å"Dan, it’s a cop!† Officer Cortopassi then claimed Troiano immediately threw what he assumed to be a marijuana cigarette away before he could detain the individuals for possession of a controlled substance. Dan Troiano claimed Officer Cortopassi then shoved him around while he was being handcuffed to a fence, injuring his wrist badly enough to require surgery to repair it. Officer Cortopassi claimed that he applied a â€Å"pain compliance† hold and handcuffed Troiano after Troiano thr ew an elbow during a pat-down search. The altercation resulted in the trial of Officer Anthony Cortopassi on the basis of using excessive force. As classified by the United States of America, an excessive use of force means an officer has â€Å"used more than the amount of force necessary to get control of suspects and protect themselves and other.† (Criminal Justice, Joel Samaha) But how does an officer know what exactly is the correct amount of force necessary to control a situation? Since possible criminal situations induce both non-violent and violent responses by possible suspects, the officer’s discretion to use force is at a premium. But want happens when the officer is the one who initiates violence in retaliation to what a possible suspect might have said or tried to do, regardless if any criminal activity took place? Again, discretion by the officer must be weighted to maintain a situation from escalating. It is clear that wi...

14 Quotes for a Funny Wedding Toast

14 Quotes for a Funny Wedding Toast If youve been asked to give a wedding toast, chances are youre taking your  role seriously. Perhaps too seriously! Often, the best wedding toasts start with a joke, even if they wind up with a sincere wish for the couples future happiness. Why Give a Funny Wedding Toast? Weddings  bring up complicated emotions. For the bride and groom, theres joy along with (in many cases) tremendous anxiety. Sometimes the anxiety is related to the very idea of a permanent commitment; other times its related to aspects of the wedding itself. Will the caterer show up? Will my divorced parents  get into a fight? Will Aunt Jane get drunk and fall into the wedding cake? Similarly, complex emotions come up for parents who are both thrilled and saddened as their child steps into a new role and a new stage of life. Siblings may be delighted, jealous, or even angry about some aspect of the wedding. Best friends may feel left behind. Humor is almost always the best way to break the ice, lower anxiety, and just have fun at a wedding. If youve been asked to give a  wedding toast, chances are you have a close relationship with either the bride, the groom, or both. That means you know which kinds of humor are likely to get a big laugh, and which wont. Funny Wedding Quotes to Choose From Not all of these famous quotes will be right for you, but youll almost certainly find one or two that connect with your particular wedding party! Henny YoungmanThe secret of a happy marriage remains a secret. John MiltonBiochemically, love is just like eating large amounts of chocolate. Henry KissingerNobody will ever win the battle of the sexes. There€s too much fraternizing with the enemy. Cathy CarlyleLove is an electric blanket with somebody else in control of the switch.​ SocratesBy all means, marry; if you get a good wife, youll be happy. If you get a bad one, youll become a philosopher. Rita RudnerI love being married. Its so great to find that one special person you want to annoy for the rest of your life. Mickey RooneyAlways get married early in the morning. That way, if it doesnt work out, you havent wasted a whole day. Henny YoungmanI take my wife everywhere I go. She always finds her way back. Ralph Waldo EmersonA mans wife has more power over him than the state has. Honore de BalzacThe majority of husbands remind me of an orangutan trying to play the violin. Anne Bancroft The best way to get most husbands to do something is to suggest that perhaps theyre too old to do it. Erma Bombeck Marriage has no guarantees. If thats what youre looking for, go live with a car battery! Anonymous A good marriage is one where each partner secretly suspects they got the better deal. Winston  Churchill My most brilliant achievement was my ability to persuade my wife to marry me.

Social media as a Method to Drive Acquisition of Customers Assignment

Social media as a Method to Drive Acquisition of Customers - Assignment Example The researcher states that the social media is known as an important means of creating brand awareness and customer acquisition. However, the major question is how companies are supposed to convert users of various social media sites into actual customers. Furthermore, different brands face varying challenges concerning customer acquisition. This owing to the fact that different companies have varying market positions, objectives, target audiences and acquisition techniques. Companies are advised to come up with strategies that are appropriate for their brands. This essay critically assesses social media as a method to drive acquisitions of customers and marketing campaigns for two campaigns. Social media marketing is used to drive customer acquisitions through brand recognition. This is known as one of the most effective tools for using social media as a branding tool. This is because, with social media marketing, companies can decide the kind of information their customers are expo sed to and decide on how they want the company’s position to be. Companies can build brand name using the great content and consistent effort around the company values and benefits. Well- established companies including Wal-Mart, Starbucks, and The Weather Channel Shows Off have developed more attractive advertising initiatives on social media sites including YouTube, Instagram and Vine respectively to develop their brand names in the online market leading to an increase in the number of users. The companies have successfully used social media marketing to reach their customers and make sales. Other small companies are advised to follow suit as the social media has proven to be an effective tool to build a company’s brand name.

Sexuality and Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sexuality and Health - Essay Example Upon realising that he won’t be able to have sex anytime soon due to his condition, the patient decided to elicit assistance from the staff regarding procuring the services of a prostitute. In response, the request was escalated to the hospice ethics committee, as well as the legal department (The Independent 2008). Gorin and Arnold (2006) described the complex relationship between human sexuality and health. The term sexual health encompasses a number of phenomena mainly focusing on the health-related outcomes of sexual behaviour. A common perception regarding sexual health is that it is a quality or capability of an individual to avoid committing sexual acts which produce negative consequences such as the spread of diseases or unwanted pregnancies. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the term sexual health is defined as a state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality, not just confined to the absence of disease, disability , or affliction. As such, sexual health should be positively viewed as a way of ensuring that individuals are able to create and maintain safe and pleasurable sexual experiences. In addition, sexual health advocates that a person’s sexual rights should be respected, protected, and fulfilled (Gorin & Arnold 2006). Healey and Zimmerman (2010) described the term disability as a frequently used term to denote an individual’s inability to perform tasks which are attainable for a normal human being. However, its definition depends on how it is used. For example, in terms of public health, disability may be perceived on how it affects the general population. In contrast, disability in the public welfare viewpoint may be seen in terms of the provision of services for persons with disabilities. For reasons of clarity, the following terms – impairment, disability, and handicap – are defined as per WHO guidelines. Impairment is defined as a physiological disorder or injury. On the other hand, having a disability is being unable to do a task due to one’s impairment. Meanwhile, possessing a handicap is a social result of being disabled (Healey & Zimmerman 2010). 1.0 The role of health promotion Kirch (2008) maintained that there is no standard definition of the term health prom otion and its definition would depend on the activity it is attributed to. As a generalized term however, health promotion is defined as a process or activity with the aim of encouraging people to take action regarding personal health behaviour and compliance to existing health policies and programs. There are four main components of individual health, three of which involves health promotion. These components are: (1) lifestyle and behaviour; (2) health, social, and other service provision; and (3) socio-economic and physical environment. In relation to the determination of health, health promotion encompasses activities which encourage individuals to act on certain internal and external aspects which influence overall health. Internal aspects refer to determinants of health which individuals have most control such as personal health behaviours. On the other hand, external aspects refer to health determinants in which individuals have very little control such as social, economic, a nd environmental conditions (Kirch 2008). The concept of sexual

The capstone project is an opportunity for students Essay Example for Free

The capstone project is an opportunity for students Essay The capstone project is an opportunity for students to demonstrate that they have achieved the goals for learning established by their educational institution and major department. The project is designed to assess cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning and to do so in a student-centered and student-directed manner which requires the command, analysis and synthesis of knowledge and skills. The capstone project integrates learning from the courses in the major with the courses from the rest of the academic experience. It requires the application of that learning to a project which serves as an instrument of evaluation. The course fosters interdisciplinary partnerships among university departments and helps cultivate industry alliances and cooperation. In examining a basis for the existence of a capstone project, the literature in the field of education, specifically curriculum and instruction, provides some direction. From a wide variety of definitions for curriculum, one definition, by Hilda Taba, seems particularly useful because it specifies the elements of curriculum. A curriculum usually contains a statement of aims and of specific objectives; it indicates some selection and organization of content; it either implies or manifests certain patterns of learning and teaching, whether because the objectives demand them or because the content organization requires them. Finally, it includes a program of evaluation of the outcomes (Oliva, 1982, p.7). These elements are not mutually exclusive. Their integration should result in a positive and successful learning experience. The critical last element, evaluation, not only validates the learning, but also enables faculty to revise and refine courses or curricula to attain desired outcomes. Just as curriculum development is a systematic process, curriculum evaluation is a systematic process by which the students’ total education is weighed. Student achievement, traditionally, has been assessed by examination. While applicable as a tool of evaluation, the test usually measures one’s cognitive ability to recall and understand knowledge. Another important method of evaluation may be the student project which allows for the application of learning. Such projects are usually limited in scope and closely related to competency in a single course. The testing method of evaluation is normally formative. That is, it is assessment used during actual instruction designed to track p rogress and understanding. It is a measure of the teaching and learning process. The project is summative evaluation. That is, its role is to assess learning and skills generally mastered in a course; the achievement of course goals. By its very nature, the capstone project is a method of summative evaluation. It not only assesses previous cognitive learning in the major, but also provides a forum that allows an instructor to assesse the student’s overall collegiate learning experience. Since, in addition to cognitive skills, learning can occur in two other domains (affective and psychomotor,) a capstone project allows for a mix of evaluative styles that assess the broad range of the students’ past experiences. This approach also allows a student, who perhaps excels in one area more than another, to demonstrate the strengths of his or her learning. Achievement in the cognitive domain is usually represented by an ability to recall, understand and apply knowledge. Evaluation of affective learning is characterized by expression of feelings, values and attitudes (especially regarding events, issues and topics related to, or impacting, the students’ field of study.) Finally, psychomotor learning i s evaluated by the application and performance of skills. Ideally, a student’s competence will be demonstrated in all three learning modalities. In a summative evaluation of the students’ experience in the university curriculum, a capstone project is an instrument used to measure the attainment of curricular outcomes. It is an in-depth opportunity for the student to demonstrate accomplishment of the full spectrum of that learning. It is, therefore, critical that the capstone project contain a wide and balanced variety of expectations. The student is given the opportunity to analyze and apply the accumulated learning and display creative products and solutions to requirements presented by the course. A useful model for such expectations is Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives as applied to the final course. These progressive levels of objectives are: recall of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation. The last three levels are higher-order intellectual activity. They are concerned more with the how and why of learning rather than the what. By requiring students in the capstone project to reach objectives beyond application, they achieve more outcomes of learning. Affective learning is made up of attitudes, interests, values and feelings derived by the student through learning and by interaction with other learners and professors. The affective domain of learning consists of five levels: receiving, responding, valuing, organization, and characterization of a value complex. This final level, the highest order, indicates that one’s beliefs, ideas, and attitudes have been integrated into a total philosophy. Psychomotor learning is an on-going refinement process. Such learning is assessed as units and as courses is completed. Often, new courses bring with them different and unusual forms of learning. For example, an oral performance course may develop voice delivery to a more re fined stage while a course in interpretation may require a new application of that previously learned skill. A course in video production may require the development of an unfamiliar combination and synchronization of finely coordinated movements. Psychomotor learning encompasses: gross bodily movements, finely coordinated movements, non-verbal communication and speech behaviors. The capstone project expectations are a display of a mastery of learning and the ability to apply it to new, unusual and integrated project requirements. The capstone project is designed to be a culminating educational experience for the undergraduate student. The project provides for learning, but not in the traditional sense as no new skills are taught. The capstone project can be a self-directed, integrated, learning opportunity. The project is the singular opportunity to determine if the student has assimilated the various goals of his/her total education. As has been previously discussed, these goals h ave been established on several levels. The first and most global in nature are the general goals of higher education.

Audio Format Wars :: essays research papers fc

Audio Format Wars Before buying a new car, getting married, or adopting a new audio format it is wise to ask a few questions, peer under the hood, and ask the advice of someone you trust. Will the new format satisfy your needs not only now but, also in the future? Will it look (and sound) as good on all the mornings after you first met? The analogue cassette is an old and trusted versatile friend that went with you on those morning jogs and cruised in the car with you on Friday nights. However, the powers that be, have declared our trusted friend to be in the last phase of the life cycle. It's successor must sound better, work better, and have new features such as a digital display for song titles. There are currently two formats competing to be the consumers next choice for sound on the go. They are Philips' Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) and Sony's Mini Disc (MD). What exactly is digital recording? The definition is, "An electronic format that is designed to duplicate sound, while affording extremely accurate control over any changes you might wish to make in the recording" (Mclan & Wichman,1988). In simple terms it means that the digital circuitry samples the signal and then reproduces what it has seen. The quality of the recording depends on the sampling rate of the machine. The sampled signal is then encoded to the tape or disc in 1's and 0's, just like a computer disk drive would encode information. However, the biggest advantage of digital recording is the fact that it eliminates tape "hiss" that is usually found present in analogue recordings. In the Eighties, a Philips invention captured the limelight. The Compact Disc introduced us to a new era of digital sound, or "perfect sound." In the nineties another Philips invention has taken centre-stage, the Digital Compact Cassette (DCC). DCC is the marriage of the analogue cassette to Digital Audio. Together they form a union that combines perfect sound, high convince and greater versatility. " DCC is a medium on which audio information is digitally encoded and which reproduces CD quality sound" (Philips Electronics, Sound & Vision, 1995). A number of features have been incorporated into DCC tapes and decks to achieve CD like sound and convince. DCC decks can locate a chosen track on either side of the tape because track and time codes are recorded on the tape. This combined with autoreverse, which is standard on all DCC decks, makes track access effortless but, not as fast as a CD. Another attractive feature of DCC is the text mode.

Night World : Daughters of Darkness Chapter 11

Jade-wait a minutel† Mark said. Jade, of course, didn't wait even a second. But shelost time undoing the bolts on the front door, and Mary-Lynnette could hear the quick tap, tap, tap of somebody running away. Jade threw the door open, darted out onto theporch-and screamed. Mary-Lynnette crowded forward and saw that Jade had put her foot into oneof the holes where the porch was missing a board. Everybody who didn't know the place did that. Butthat wasn't what had made her scream. It was the goat. â€Å"Oh, God,† Mark said. â€Å"Oh, God-who would dothat?† Mary-Lynnette took one look and felt a burning inher chest and arms-a painful, bad feeling. Her lungs seemed to contract and her breath was forced out. Her vision blurred. â€Å"Let's get it inside,† Rowan said. â€Å"Jade, are youall right?† Jade was taking In ragged, whooping breaths. Shesounded the way Mary-Lynnette felt. Mark leaned over to help pull her out of the hole. Rowan and Kestrel were lifting the goat by its legs.Mary-Lynnette was backing into the house, teeth clamped on her already-bitten lip. The taste of copperwas like a blood dot in her mouth. They put the goat on an old-fashioned patternedrug in the entrance to the living room. Jade's whooping breaths turned into gasping sobs. â€Å"That's Ethyl,† Mary-Lynnette said. She felt like sobbing too. She knelt beside Ethyl. The goat was pure white, with a sweet face and a broad forehead. Mary Lynnette reached out to touch one hoof gently. She'dhelped Mrs. B. trim that hoof with pruning shears. â€Å"She's dead,† Kestrel said. â€Å"You can't hurt her.†Mary-Lynnette looked up quickly. Kestrel's face was composed and distant. Shock rippled under MaryLynnette's skin. â€Å"Let's take them out,† Rowan said. â€Å"The hide's ruined already,† Kestrel said. â€Å"Kestrel, please-â€Å" Mary-Lynnette stood. â€Å"Kestrel, shut up!† There was a pause. To Mary-Lynnette's astonishment, the pause went on. Kestrel stayed shut up. Mary-Lynnette and Rowan began to pull the little wooden stakes out of the goat's body. Some were as small as toothpicks. Others were longer than Mary-Lynnette's finger and thicker than a shish kebab skewer, with a dull point at one end.Somebody strong did this, Mary-Lynnette thought. Strong enough to punch splinters of wood throughgoat hide. Over and over again. Ethyl was pierced everywhere. Hundreds of times. She looked like a porcupine. â€Å"There wasn't much bleeding,† Rowan said softly.†That means she was dead when it was done. Andlook here.† She gently touched Ethyl's neck. Thewhite coat was crimson there-just like the deer, Mary-Lynnette thought. â€Å"Somebody either cut her throat or bit it,† Rowansaid. â€Å"So it was probably quick for her and she bledout. Not like †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What?† Mary-Lynnette said. Rowan hesitated. She looked up at Jade. Jade sniffled and wiped her nose on Mark's shoulder. Rowan looked back at Mary-Lynnette. â€Å"Not like Uncle Hodge.† She looked back down and carefully loosened another stake, adding it to the pile theywere accumulating. â€Å"You see, they killed Unde Hodge this way, the Elders did. Only he was alivewhen they did it.† For a moment Mary-Lynnette couldn't speak. Thenshe said, â€Å"Why?† Rowan pulled out two more stakes, her face controlled and intent. â€Å"For telling a human about theNight World.† Mary-Lynnette sat back on her heels and lookedat Mark. Mark sat down on the floor, bringing Jade withhim. â€Å"That's why Aunt Opal left the island,† Rowansaid. â€Å"And now somebody's staked Aunt Opal,† Kestrel said. â€Å"And somebody's killed a goat in the same wayUnde Hodge was killed.† â€Å"Butwho?† Mary-Lynnette said. Rowan shook her head. â€Å"Somebody who knowsabout vampires.† Mark's blue eyes looked darker than usual and alittle glazed. â€Å"You were talkingbefore about a vam pire hunter. â€Å"That gets my vote,† Kestrel said. â€Å"Okay, so who around here is a vampire hunter?What's a vampire hunter?† â€Å"That's the problem,† Rowan said. â€Å"I don't knowhow you could tell who is one. I'm not even sure Ibelieve in vampire hunters.† â€Å"They're supposed to be humans who've found out about the Night World,† Jade said, pushing tears outof her eyes with her palms. â€Å"And they can't get otherpeople to believe them-or maybe they don't want other people to know. So they hunt us. You know, trying to kill us one by one. They're supposed toknow as much about the Night World as Night People do.† â€Å"You mean, like knowing how your uncle was executed† Mary-Lynnette said. â€Å"Yes, but that's not much of a secret,† Rowan said.†I mean, you wouldn't have to actually know aboutUncle Hodge to think of it-It's the traditionalmethod of execution among the lamia. There aren't many things besides staking and burning that will killa vampire.† Mary-Lynnette thought about this. It didn't getthem very far. Who would want to kill an old ladyand a goat? â€Å"Rowan? Why did your aunt have goats? I mean, I always thought it was for the milk, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It was for the blood, I'm sure,† Rowan saidcalmly. â€Å"If she looked as old as you said, she probablycouldn't get out into the woods to hunt.† Mary-Lynnette looked at the goat again, trying tofind other dues, trying to be a good observer detached, methodical. When her eyes got to Ethyl's muzzle, she blinked and leaned forward. â€Å"I-there's something in her mouth.† â€Å"Please tell me you're joking,† Mark said. Mary-Lynnette just waved a hand at him. â€Å"Ican't-I need something to†¦hang on a sec.† Sheran into the kitchen and opened a drawer. She snagged a richly decorated sterling silver knife and ran back to the living room. â€Å"Okay,† she grunted as she pried Ethyl's teeth farther open. There wassomething in there-something like a flower, but black. She worked it out with her fingers. â€Å"Silence of the Goats,† Mark muttered. Mary-Lynnette ignored him, turning the disintegrating thing over in her hands. â€Å"It looks like aniris-but it's spray-painted black.† Jade and Rowan exchanged grim glances. â€Å"Wellthis has somethingto do with the Night World,† Rowan said. â€Å"If we weren't sure of that before, weare now. Black flowers are the symbols of the Night World.† Mary-Lynnette put the sodden iris down. â€Å"Symbols, like †¦ ?† â€Å"We wear them to identify ourselves to each other.You know, on rings or pins or clothes or things like that. Each species has its own kind of flower, andthen there are other flowers that mean you belongto a certain dub or family. Witches use black dahlias, werewolves use black foxglove; made vampires use black roses †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"And there's a chain of dubs called the Black Iris,†Kestrel said, coming to stand by the others. â€Å"I know because Ash belongs to one.† â€Å"Ash†¦ † Jade said, staring at Kestrel with widegreen eyes. Mary-Lynnette sat frozen. Something was tugginginsistently at the corner of her consciousness. Some thing about a black design†¦. â€Å"Oh, God,† she said. â€Å"Oh, God-I know somebody who wears a ring with a black flower on it.† Everyone looked at her. â€Å"Who?† Mark said, at the same time as Rowansaid it. Mary-Lynnette didn't know which of them looked more surprised. Mary-Lynnette struggled with herself for a minute. â€Å"It's Jeremy Lovett,† she said finally. Not toosteadily. Mark made a face. â€Å"That oddball. He lives by himself in a trailer in the woods, and last summer †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mark's voice died out. His jaw dropped, and when he spoke again, it was more slowly. â€Å"And last sum mer they found a body right out near there.† â€Å"Can you tell?† Mary-Lynnette asked Rowan qui etly. â€Å"If somebody's a Night Person?† â€Å"Well †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Rowan looked dismayed. â€Å"Well-not for sure. If somebody was experienced at shielding their mind †¦Well, we might be able to startle them into revealing something. But otherwise, no. Notfor certain. â€Å" Mark leaned back. â€Å"Oh, terrific. Well, I think Jeremy would make a great Night Person. Actually, so would Vic Kimble and Todd Akers.† â€Å"Todd,† Jade said. â€Å"Now, wait a minute.† Shepicked up one of the toothpicks that had been em bedded in the goat and stared at it. Rowan was looking at Mary-Lynnette. â€Å"No matterwhat, we should go and see your friend Jeremy. He'll probably turn out to be completely innocent-sometimes a human gets hold of one of our rings or pins, and then things get reallyconfusing. Especially if they wander into one of our dubs†¦.† Mary-Lynnette wasn't so sure. She had a terrible, terrible sick feeling. The way Jeremy kept to himself, the way he always seemed to be an outsider atschool–even his untamed good looks and his easy way of moving †¦ No, it all seemed to lead to one conclusion. She had solved the mystery of Jeremy Lovett at last, and it wasnot a happy ending. Kestrel said â€Å"Okay, fine; we can go check this Jeremy guy out. But what about Ash?† â€Å"What about Ash?† Rowan said. The last stake wasout. She gently turned one side of the rug over the body of the goat, like a shroud. â€Å"Well, don't you see? It's his dub flower. Somaybe somebody from his dub did it.† â€Å"Urn, I know I'm starting to sound like a brokenrecord,† Mark said. â€Å"But I don't know what you're talking about. Who's Ash?† The three sisters looked at him. Mary-Lynnette looked away. After so many missed opportunities, it was going to sound extremely peculiar when she casually mentioned that, oh, yes, she'd met Ash. Twice. But she didn't have a choice anymore. She had to tell. â€Å"He's our brother,† Kestrel was saying. â€Å"He's crazy,† Jade said. â€Å"He's the only one from our family who migh.know that we're here in Briar Creek,† Rowan said. â€Å"He found megiving a letter to Crane Linden to smuggle off the island. But Idon't think he noticedAunt Opal's address on it. He's not much good at noticing things that aren't about him.† â€Å"You can say that again,† Jade said. â€Å"All Ashthinksabout is Ash. He's completely self-centered.† â€Å"All he does is chase girls and party,† Kestrel said,with one of those smiles that made Mary-Lynnette wonder if she really disapproved. â€Å"And hunt.† ‘He doesn't like humans,†Jade said. â€Å"If he didn't like chasing human girls and playing with them, he'd probably be planning towipe out all the humans and take over the world.† â€Å"Sounds like a great guy,† Mark said. â€Å"Well, he's sort of conservative,† Rowan said. ‘Politically, I mean. Personally, he's–â€Å" â€Å"Loose,† Kestrel suggested, eyebrows up. â€Å"To put it mildly,† Jade agreed. â€Å"There's only onething he wants when he goes after human girls besides their cars, I mean.† Mary-Lynnette's heart was pounding. With every second that passed it was getting harder to speak up. And every time she took a breath, somebody else started talking. 0†³So, wait you think he did all this stuff?† Mark asked. â€Å"I wouldn't put it past him,† Kestrel said. Jade nodded vigorously. â€Å"But his own aunt ,†Mark said. â€Å"He'd do it if he thought the honor of the familywas involved,† Kestrel said. â€Å"Yes, well, there's one problem with all that,† Rowan said tightly. â€Å"Ash isn't here. He's in California.† â€Å"No, he's not,† Ash said casually, from the back ofthe living room.

An Analytical Biography of The Catcher in the Rye Essay

Critic Jonathan Baumbach explores the significance of innocence in J.D Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye. He claims that the novel is not only about innocence, but actively for innocence-as if retaining one’s childness were an existing possibility. Not only that, but he states that Holden wishes to be a saint: the protector and savior of innocence by preventing them from falling into the cruel adult world of corruption and fickleness. Although he also wants someone to prevent his own fall since he is in fact still a child himself. Baumbach states that this is Holden’s paradox, saying that he must shed his own innocence to protect innocence. These statements are what send Holden off into the three day soul-searching quest that dooms Holden to sinking into insanity in our novel. The critic opens with a rather descriptive insight about how others view and critique Salinger’s first and only novel, as well as pointing some of the flaws that Catcher has: â€Å"The novel is sentimental; it loads the deck for Holden and against the adult world, the small but corrupt group that Holden encounters is not representative enough to permit Salinger his inclusive judgments about the species.† Baumbach claims that Holden does not have enough information to comment on the phoniness of humanity as a whole based on his observations of only a select few. As the critic investigates further, he makes a few interesting points. Some of which regard Mr. Antolini: Holden’s former English teacher. Baumbach claims that Antolini’s kindness to Holden is triggered by a homosexual interest that he has in the protagonist. Pointing  out the flaws in his teachers marriage, as well as ambiguous actions that he had done while with Caulfield. Based on Baumbach’s misguided interpretation the reader could be lead to think that of Mr. Antolini’s gesture as one of a perverted old man rather than as one of concerned mentor. Additionally, the critic moves on to discuss Holden’s concern of where the ducks go during the winter. He claims that what Holden really wants to know is whether there is a benevolent authority that takes care of the ducks; for if there is one for the ducks, there is must be one for people as well. Next, Baumbach switches focus to Holden’s prayer to Allie, which takes place before he goes to visit his family’s apartment. The critic postulates that Holden’s prayer to Allie is not so much an act of anguish as an act of love. However, if one closely examines the scene in the novel, the reader will realize that Holden’s prayer is actually the act of one wallowing in self-pity, of one that has truly hit rock bottom. After examining Jonathan Baumbach’s critique I can gather that he is a wonderful writer, he uses a colorful vocabulary and his sentences are perfectly structured. Although a line should be drawn when using more complex vocabulary; for while reading the critique the reader will likely find themselves having to look up several words to understand the points the critic is trying get across. Not only that, but the critic makes several assumptions based on very little information or goes out on a limb to make a point. Moreover, Baumbach’s points regarding Mr. Antolini’s homosexual nature, the significance of the Central Park ducks, as well as Holden’s prayer to Allie are not entirely concrete, and leave themselves open for dispute. When a reader goes through a book more than once, they find things they never caught while reading it through the first time. One would realize that Holden views Mr. Antolini as a father figure and a role model and comes to him looking for all the answers to the questions no one has figured out yet. For example, during the story when Holden arrives at Mr. Antolini’s apartment, He knows that Holden is spiraling downward and is basically aiming to fall into that insanity he has been drifting towards throughout  the novel, he warns him of this and eventually the two head to sleep. Now the controversial action that causes some of the audience to believe that Mr. Antolini is sexually interested in Caulfied, is that he awoke to find him stroking his hair. Holden misunderstood and made such a rash decision to put everyone into that Phony corrupt persona that he believes humanity is composed of, and storms off out of his home. If Holden was thinking more clearly he would’ve probably been able to handle the situation more responsibly, realizing that Antolini was only stroking his hair in more of a concerned fatherly way. The reader can tell by the way Holden refers to Mr. Antolini they have a strong relationship and he views him as a surrogate father, and not some perverted old man that Baumbach has painted him out to be. Additionally, As far as the Central Park ducks are concerned†¦Holden’s obsessive curiosity about what happens to the ducks during the winter shows the more child-like side to his character. Although Baumbach believes that Holden is searching for a higher power, instead helps him relate to that child innocence he is so fond of. It gives him the hope that change isn’t always permanent. It also helps the reader compare Holden’s perfect world in which time stands still (Like in the Museum of Natural History), to the real world which is constantly changing. Proving that he isn’t searching for some sort of â€Å"higher power† in the ducks, but it was a way to keep in touch with his innocence of his childhood. Lastly, when Holden hits rock bottom in the novel he says a prayer to Allie, in which Baumbach claims that it is an act of love and anguish. Although, this isn’t entirely true. Holden is actually wallowing in his own self-pity, how could he pray to Allie for help when while Allie was alive he wouldn’t even allow him to go on his bike with him and a friend? Sure, he feels regret for it now that he is dead and no longer with him, but it happened yet again when Phoebe wanted to run away with him and Caulfied turned her down the same as he had done with Allie. Proving that after hitting rock bottom Holden is desperate enough to pray although he doesn’t actually believe in God, but is hoping that there is one to not only save him but the soul of his deceased brother as well. In conclusion, Baumbach as a critic did write a well-written review of J.D Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye although it was a bit difficult to understand at times, he made a clear point and backed up his point with facts from the novel. He had colorful vocabulary and his critique flowed well together. Although the critique was a bit on the longer side I did enjoy reading it. The Catcher in the Rye which is believed to be J.D Salinger’s most famous work, had been an everlasting favorite of teens and tweens of the literary scene. This novel known for its stylized prose and focus on themes of angst, alienation, and rebellion has received wide acclaim for its extraordinary sense of originality. This novel will endure as a lifetime favorite of adolescence everywhere because it has life and is probably the most original piece of its time.

A Comparison Of Night Walker And Roselily Essays - Fiction

A Comparison Of Night Walker And Roselily Essays - Fiction A Comparison of Night Walker and Roselily Brent Staples' Night Walker and Alice Walker's Roselily both present a glimpse into the world view of African-American culture through human characters set in ironic situations. The tone of Roselily is one of sardonic condemnation, whereas the tone of Night Walker is one of melancholy and anger in the face of alienation. Both deal with victimization, Night Walker's being derived from being mistaken for a criminal, and Roselily's dealing with the confines of a traditional marriage and the anxieties which result. Walker and Staples' stories hold an unusual irony as the perceived innocent are victims, and the perceived aggressors are the persecuted. Walker makes use of many descriptive images from the young woman who begins, "...dragging herself across the world."(P 335) to the "...crush of well-wishing people..." Each paragraph is anchored to the marriage by a preceding verse from a traditional marriage ceremony. Staples' descriptive images, though more contemporary in time, rely upon heavy contrast to sharply underscore his points. For instance describing, "...a relatively affluent neighborhood in an otherwise mean, impoverished section of Chicago." Morgan Glines English AP April 12, 1997

Applying Critical Thinking

INTRODUCTION On 12th August 2010, the Governor of Illinois notified the Federal State Employee Trade Union (FSEU) Region 343. This is aimed at outsourcing the information system management function of the Ministry of Transportation (DoT) and privatizing it. Monday 20) In response, Mr. Padilla, FSEU's 343th President, urged Glenn of Human Resources at FSEU to rate the notice. The memo of August 20, 2010 includes Mr.. The purpose of this paper is to outline the fundamentals of critical thinking and the importance of understanding how we develop and apply critical thought power. This article describes the benefits of applying critical thinking skills as a systematic approach to the 21st century workplace. The basis of critical thinking can be traced back to Greek philosopher Socrates who lived between 469 BC and 399 BC. The center of critical thinking of the Socratic method is the process of using open-ended questions, which helps to infer and clarify inference (American Management Asso ciation, 2001). Its strength lies in helping people slow their thoughts and allow them to observe, evaluate and improve their thoughts. The Socratic method is based on the assumption that everything has logic that can be found through question and thought (AMA, 2001). There are three aspects to help people develop critical thinking: a way to become a facilitator of the process, a way to nurture a critical position that will always lead people to use critical thinking. Problems and problems Please check the self-worth of the learner. Critical thinking is intellectual exercise, but it is also a matter of confidence and courage. Learners must confidently believe that authority figures and established beliefs may be wrong and challenge them. The counselor needs to raise self-esteem by confirming that the learner's opinion is important and respectful. Applying Critical Thinking INTRODUCTION On 12th August 2010, the Governor of Illinois notified the Federal State Employee Trade Union (FSEU) Region 343. This is aimed at outsourcing the information system management function of the Ministry of Transportation (DoT) and privatizing it. Monday 20) In response, Mr. Padilla, FSEU's 343th President, urged Glenn of Human Resources at FSEU to rate the notice. The memo of August 20, 2010 includes Mr.. The purpose of this paper is to outline the fundamentals of critical thinking and the importance of understanding how we develop and apply critical thought power. This article describes the benefits of applying critical thinking skills as a systematic approach to the 21st century workplace. The basis of critical thinking can be traced back to Greek philosopher Socrates who lived between 469 BC and 399 BC. The center of critical thinking of the Socratic method is the process of using open-ended questions, which helps to infer and clarify inference (American Management Asso ciation, 2001). Its strength lies in helping people slow their thoughts and allow them to observe, evaluate and improve their thoughts. The Socratic method is based on the assumption that everything has logic that can be found through question and thought (AMA, 2001). There are three aspects to help people develop critical thinking: a way to become a facilitator of the process, a way to nurture a critical position that will always lead people to use critical thinking. Problems and problems Please check the self-worth of the learner. Critical thinking is intellectual exercise, but it is also a matter of confidence and courage. Learners must confidently believe that authority figures and established beliefs may be wrong and challenge them. The counselor needs to raise self-esteem by confirming that the learner's opinion is important and respectful. Applying Critical Thinking INTRODUCTION On 12th August 2010, the Governor of Illinois notified the Federal State Employee Trade Union (FSEU) Region 343. This is aimed at outsourcing the information system management function of the Ministry of Transportation (DoT) and privatizing it. Monday 20) In response, Mr. Padilla, FSEU's 343th President, urged Glenn of Human Resources at FSEU to rate the notice. The memo of August 20, 2010 includes Mr.. The purpose of this paper is to outline the fundamentals of critical thinking and the importance of understanding how we develop and apply critical thought power. This article describes the benefits of applying critical thinking skills as a systematic approach to the 21st century workplace. The basis of critical thinking can be traced back to Greek philosopher Socrates who lived between 469 BC and 399 BC. The center of critical thinking of the Socratic method is the process of using open-ended questions, which helps to infer and clarify inference (American Management Asso ciation, 2001). Its strength lies in helping people slow their thoughts and allow them to observe, evaluate and improve their thoughts. The Socratic method is based on the assumption that everything has logic that can be found through question and thought (AMA, 2001). There are three aspects to help people develop critical thinking: a way to become a facilitator of the process, a way to nurture a critical position that will always lead people to use critical thinking. Problems and problems Please check the self-worth of the learner. Critical thinking is intellectual exercise, but it is also a matter of confidence and courage. Learners must confidently believe that authority figures and established beliefs may be wrong and challenge them. The counselor needs to raise self-esteem by confirming that the learner's opinion is important and respectful.

A rose for emily Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A rose for emily - Essay Example Instead, he chooses to simply narrate the facts as told by the people of Jefferson. This narration slowly unravels before us Emily’s personality through the affairs that take place and ‘Emily’ as perceived by the people of her town. From the short story, one can figure out that Emily had been the only daughter of a wealthy and overprotective father. The line ‘We remembered all the young men her father had driven away’ tells us how her father had prevented her from being in any relationship. The overprotective father did not realize then that this would make his daughter reticent. She refrained from socializing even after her father’s death. People of Jefferson did not make an effort to befriend her. Emily and her family were looked at as â€Å"tableau† by the citizens of Jefferson. They visited Emily only to offer condolences after her father’s death. They never tried to know her personally. Perhaps, they were intimidated by her ‘august’ origins. That is why, when Homer Barron came into her life, Emily, finally, found a friend. Emily may have become possessive of Homer since he was the only friend she had. Later, in the story, the author hints that Homer might have been gay. Emily was obstinate. She liked everything to be as she wished. Hence, when she realized that she could lose Homer to a guy, she killed Homer. She had his dead body put in her room so that she could have him for the rest of her life. That Emily was stubborn and obstinate was revealed by a number of other events. Firstly, she refused to pay taxes because she believed that the people of Jefferson owed her father some amount of money. Secondly, she bought arsenic to kill Homer. On being questioned by the pharmacist, she refused to answer him and gave him a cold stare. One incident that makes the reader think profoundly of her mental state is the death of her father. Emily, initially, refused to believe that her father was

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Public Finance in the Health Care System - Essay Example As of July 2013, the census Bureau of the US gives an estimation that the total population of this state of Vermont stood at 626, 630 people (Abrahamsen, 2012). This represented an increase of 0.14%, when compared to the census of 2010. The state of Vermont has an increase in the aging population, and on this basis, there is an increase in the provision of aging health care services within the economy of the state (Abrahamsen, 2012). The Allen Fletcher Health is considered as the biggest private health provider in the state of Vermont, with an employee base of around 7,100 people. As of the year 2010, the entire bill that patients in the hospital paid amounted to 3.76 billion dollars. Currently, 92,000 people have enrolled for the Medicare program. It is important to denote that as of 2011, Medicare was able to spend 740 million dollars on the health care of the state (Deary and sBrown, 2001). The financial capacity of the state is very stable, and it has been able to achieve a balanced budget, since the year 1991 (Deary and sBrown, 2001). The state has an enterprise fund, for purposes of sponsoring activities that would reduce social and economic problems like unemployment, drug abuse, etc. For purposes of understanding the economic strength of Vermont, the state has an individual’s per capita income of 38,306 dollars. On the other hand, the general size of the public sector is 24.3%, when compared to that of the private sector which amounts to 36.6% (Abrahamsen, 2012). Based on these grounds, the private sector is wider than the public sector. The tax system of this state is also favorable, and one of the unleast fair tax structure in the United States. This is because the tax structure gives income tax credit to low waged workers. This is for purposes of ensuring that there is an equitable distribution of resources. One of the health care reforms initiated

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Importance of Ethical Hacking

Importance of Ethical Hacking Chapter 1 Introduction Ethical hacking is an emerging tools used by most of the organizations for testing network security. The security risks and vulnerabilities in a network can be recognized with the help of ethical hacking. This research completely concentrates on ethical hacking, problems that may occur while hacking process is in progress and various ethical hacking tools available for organizations. Information is the important source for any organizations while executing business operations. Organizations and government agencies have to adopt ethical hacking tools in order secure important documents and sensitive information (Harold F. Tipton and Micki Krause, 2004). Ethical hacker professionals have to be hired in order to test the networks effectively. Ethical hackers perform security measure on behalf of the organization owners. In order to bring out the ethical hacking efforts perfectly a proper plan must be executed. Ethical hacking has the ability to suggest proper security tools that can avo id attacks on the networks. Hacking tools can be used for email systems, data bases and voice over internet protocol applications in order to make communications securely. Ethical hacking can also be known as penetration testing which can be used for networks, applications and operating systems (Jeff Forristal and Julie Traxler, 2001). Using hacking tools is a best method for identifying the attacks before it effect the entire organization. Ethical hackers are nothing but authorized users for the sensitive information or networks of an organization. Using hacking techniques for handling employees in organization and for solving critical judicial cases is not a crime. An ethical hacker use same tools and actions as performed by normal hacker. The main aspect in ethical hacking is that target permission is essential for performing hacking on the information. Ethical hacking can be used while performing security audits in the organization (Kevin Beaver, 2010). Thus, ethical hacking can help in testing the networks by finding out various vulnerabilities. In ethical hacking, a user will get permission to access the important data. Aims and Objectives Aim To investigate the importance of ethical hacking and its implementation in organizations Objectives Finding the importance of ethical hacking tools Understanding the ethical hacking process Implementing ethical hacking tools in an organization Purpose of Study The main of this research is to recognize ethical hacking tools that can be used in organizations and government agencies. Testing the networks is essential in order to maintain security for the organizational information. The difficulties in networks have to be recognized by the security professional so that they can be solved before effecting the organization operations (James S. Tiller, 2005). This research also focuses on carrying out the ethical hacking tools in a particular organization. The advantages of using ethical hacking in business firms can be evaluated by this study. Ethical hacking tools can be implemented in various fields of applications. Various security professionals can be efficient in ethical hacking tools by undergoing a training process. Another major intension of this research is to identify the importance of ethical hacking professionals in providing security to the networks. (Nina Godbole, 2008). Thus, this research entirely focuses on ethical hacking tools which can be implemented for testing the networks. Research Context This research on ethical hacking can be very useful to many organizations as it can provide clear idea about hacking tools. Security professionals and normal users have to be trained well in order to use hacking tools. The importance of ethical hacking while solving many judicial cases can be identified with the help of this research. Management of an organization can be benefited largely through implementing hacking tools. Hacking tools implementation process can be understood with the help of this research (Ronald L. Krutz and Russell Dean Vines, 2007). Network security or data security engineers in organization will come to know about new ethical hacking methods and techniques that are available in the present market by concentrating on this research. The concepts in this study provide knowledge related to security improvements. Business users can hack the data in order to use it for the purpose of evaluating a correct process. Management has to take precautionary measures while a llowing the professional to hack ethically because data may be misused (Rajat Khare, 2006). Scholars who concerned with information security can take the help of this study for attaining the knowledge on hacking systems. Many organizations are encouraging ethical hacking professionals in order to control their business operations effectively. Email systems, data bases and communication applications can avoid or identify attacks by adopting the hacking tools. Malicious attacks on the information or software can be prevented by implementing this research while using ethical hacking tools. The organizations that concerned with security in networks have to use ethical hacking tools (Greg Meyer and Steven Casco, 2002). Hence from the above discussion it can be understood that, business firms, investigating agencies, government systems and web users can make use of this research to achieve the important information in authorized manner. Chapter 2: Literature Review Ethical Hacking and its importance The word hacking is defined as an illegal use of the others computer system or the network resources. Hacker is the term which is formerly meant for the skillful programmer. This is mostly found in the countries like United States and many other countries. The word hacker refers to the names of the persons who enjoys the work in learning the details of the computer systems and stretch the capabilities from the system (Rajat Khare, 2006). The system of hacking describes the fast improvement in the new programs that make the codes for the providing a better security to the system with more efficiency. The word cracker also belongs to the same field it make use of the hacking skills for the unlawful purposes like email id, intruding into others system. Hacking is of different types such as back door hacking, viruses and worms, Trojan horses, Denial of Services, anarchists, crackers, kiddies and ethical hacking (Kevin Beaver, 2010). In the types of hacking system one of the most common h acking is ethical hacking. This is defined as the services that provides the securities for the customers networks, information assets and identifies the vulnerabilities to maintain the reputation of the corporate sectors before it exploit the company. This type of the hacking system provides the high securities to the customers methodologies and techniques to yield high qualities of infrastructures. The ethical hacking system includes some of the service like: Application Testing War Dialing Network Testing Wireless Security System Hardening Application Testing This is an uncover design or the logic flaws which result in the compromising with the unauthorized accessing of the systems, networks, applications or the information regarding the systems. This application testing is used for investigating and identifying the extent and the criticality of the problems exposure to the thick client (Java) and thin client (web browsers) applications. This application testing includes the services like client-side application testing and web application testings (Joel Scambray, Mike Shema and Caleb Sima, 2006). The client-side application testing is the process of developing the software that is used for the measuring the integrated security into the client software constituents. In this system this testing application is based on the gathering of the information by observer using the reverse engineering system. War Dialing This is one of the services that are provided by ethical hacking. War dialing is a method of dialing a modem number to identify open modem connection that supplies access in a remote way to a network for targeting a particular system (Kimberly Graves, 2007). This word is originated from the day the when the internet has come into the existence in most of the companies. This follows the method of scanning to find the strength of the network connection. The tools of War dialing work on the concept that organizations do not pay attention to dial-in ports like they do towards the firewalls. Network Testing The networking testing services of the ethical hacking provides the information on the exposures of the network, services, and solutions on the convergence, protocols and system devices including the virtual private network technologies. This testing process includes a number of constitutes in external and internal devices. It also analyzes the applications of the voice over Internet protocol within the environment of the organization (Greg Meyer and Steven Casco, 2002). The main goal of the network testing application is to make obvious demonstration of the political effects on its development. By making use of this application into the organization, it provides a complete enlightenment to the work for determining the result in the organization. Wireless Security Wireless security services measures the security in the available architecture to provide a guidelines to ensure the system integrity and accessibility of the resources. The working of wireless security is based on the three phases. In the first phase of the operation it identifies the activeness of the wireless networks (Cyrus Peikari and Seth Fogie, 2003). The team of the ethical hacking demonstrates the exposure to the attackers with the space in the wireless network. In the seconds phase of this system it implements a normal users to evaluate the measures of the security that secures the infrastructures of the organization to control the accessing of the devices. During the third phase the team will try to utilize the discovered threats to gain access on other networks. This provides the security in wireless local area network, virtual private network, intrusion detection system and wireless public key infrastructure. System Hardening The system hardening stresses on the network vicinity. Security is the prime factor that determines the level of integrity of the information and resources used in the computing. Effective deployment of the security controls unauthorized, accidental disruption if resources in information technology (Kevin Beaver and Peter T. Davis, 2005). The system hardening assessment is complemented in three phases. The ethical hacking team will analyze the network to identify the loop holes in security updates and other frequent security defects. Scanning of the remote access devices is done for finding out the vulnerabilities. The configuration vulnerabilities and missing security updates are determined in the initial phase. In the second step the host operating system is examined to determine the services available for remote users and their level of impact. All the TCP/IP services and also the Telnet, FTP, Send-mail, DNS and others are tested (James S. Tiller, 2005). The packet fragmenting and loose source routing are used in an attempt to bypass filtering routers and firewalls. The last phase is complicated as the team uses the information gathered from the first two steps to mine the weaknesses and threats that were identified to gain access to the host system. Before the start of the three steps the boundaries for actions and events are determined. Hence from the above context it can be stated that ethical hacking is a methodology that is used for gathering the information on the hacker. The ethical hacker is the expert who is hired by an organization to solve the problems related to hacking in their network and computer system. Need for Ethical Hacking The process of employing someone to hack ones company is ethical hacking. Ethical hacking is one of the tools that are used to judge the security programs of the organizations. It is also referred as penetrating testing, red teaming, intrusion testing, vulnerability and even security judgments. Each one these has different meanings in different countries. Hacking is also described as new development of the existing programs, software and code. It makes them better and more efficient (James S. Tiller, 2005). Ethical hacker can know the details of computer while hacking and become the security professional. It involves in foot-printing, scanning, tacking all the secured information. Ethical means a philosophy with morality. Hackers hack systems to detect dangerous, unauthorized access and misuse (Shon Harris, Allen Harper, Chris Eagle and Jonathan Ness, 2007). Threat and vulnerability are the two dangers the hacker has to face. The hacking report must be confidential as it should face the organizations security risks. If this goes wrong in any way the organization results in fatal, penalties and loss. For example: computer crime is done by misuse of their hacking skills. The need to hack is for catching the thief. Ethical hacking is the correct method to make your computers work properly (Kevin Beaver, 2010). Ethical hacker needs higher level skills compared to penetration testing. Penetration testing is same as ethical hacking but the hacker uses the penetrating tools and tests the security danger. Ethical hacking is known as White Hat in some of the literature. It tests both the security and protective issues whereas penetrating test mainly leads with the security issues (Asoke K. Talukder and Manish Chaitanya, 2008). Some of the websites and companies offer the training, but they cannot be created they are self-made. Various types of testing need different types of softwares and tools. Game freaks use hacking technology in order to win the game. Hackers will d iscover many ways to hack like trial and error method, operating systems, online and determining the threats. Ethical hacking is done by hackers on behalf of the owners, and in normal hacking they use their skills for personal use (Debra Littlejohn Shinder and Micheal Cross, 2008). Cyber terrorism includes common hacking techniques such like viruses, email bombs and natural disasters. Thus ethical hacking is done by hackers on owners request. Mainly this is seen in corporate companies and organizations. Ethical hacking techniques are used for game cheat codes, hacking accounts and other for good result. Majorly used for fight against cyber terrorism and to take preventive action on hackers Types of ethical hackings Ethical hackers use various methods for breaking the security system in the organizations in the period of cyber attack. Various types of ethical hacks are: Remote Network: This process in especially utilized to recognize the attacks that are causing among the internet. Usually the ethical hacker always tries to identify the default and proxy information in the networks some of then are firewalls, proxy etc. Remote dial up network: Remote dial up network hack identify and try to protest from the attack that is causing among the client modern pool. For finding the open system the organizations will make use of the method called war dialing for the representative dialing. Open system is one of the examples for this type of attacks. Local Network: local network hack is the process which is used to access the illegal information by making use of someone with physical access gaining through the local network. To start on this procedure the ethical hacker should ready to access the local network directly. Stolen Equipment: By making use of the stolen equipment hack it is easy to identify the information of the thefts such as the laptops etc. the information secured by the owner of the laptop can be identified (Kimberly graves, 2007). Information like username, password and the security settings that are in the equipment are encoded by stealing the laptop. Social engineering: A social engineering attack is the process which is used to check the reliability of the organization; this can be done by making use of the telecommunication or face to face communication by collecting the data which can be used in the attacks (Bryan Foss and Merlin Stone, 2002). This method is especially utilized to know the security information that is used in the organizations. Physical Entry: This Physical entry organization is used in the organizations to control the attacks that are obtained through the physical premises (Ronald l. Krutz and russel dean Vines, 2007). By using the physical entire the ethical hacker can increase and can produce virus and other Trojans directly onto the network. Application network: the logic flaws present in the applications may result to the illegal access of the network and even in the application and the information that is provided in the applications. Network testing: In this process it mainly observes the unsafe data that is present in the internal and the external network, not only in the particular network also in the devices and including the virtual private network technologies Wireless network testing: In this process the wireless network reduces the network liability to the attacker by using the radio access to the given wireless network space. Code review: This process will observe the source code which is in the part of the verification system and will recognize the strengths and the weakness of the modules that are in the software. War dialing: it simply identifies the default information that is observed in the modem which is very dangerous to the corporate organizations. Techniques and tools required for ethical hacking Ethical hacker needs to understand how to find the network range and subnet mask of the target system. IP addresses are used to locate, scan and connect the target systems. Ethical hacker also should find out the geographical location of target system. This can be done by tracing the messages that are sent to destination and the tools used are traceroute, Visual route and NeoTrace to identify the route the target (Kimberly Graves, 2007). Ethical hacking should use right tools or else task accomplishment of task effectively is difficult. Many security assessment tools will produce false positive and negative or may they even miss susceptibility to attacks. In case of tests in case of physical security assessments they miss weakness. In order for ethical hacking specific tools have to be used for the task chosen. The easier the ethical hacking will become if many tools are used. The right tool must be used at right place. The characteristics in tools for ethical hacking is it should ha ve sufficient document, detailed reports should be there on the discovered attacks regarding their fixing and explosion, Updates and support. The general tools used for ethical hacking in case to find passwords are cracking tools such as LC4, John the Ripper and pwdump (Bragg, Mark Phodes Ousley and Keith Strassberg, 2004). The general tools like port scanner like SuperScan cannot be used to crack passwords. The Web-assessment tools such as Whisker or WebInspect tools are used for analysis of Web applications in depth. Whereas network analyzer tools such as ethereal cannot give good results. While using the tools for any particular task it is better to get feedback from the simple Google searches such as SecurityFocus.com, SearchSecurity.com and Itsecurity.com will give nice feedback from the other security experts which makes ethical hacking easy and to select the right tool. Some of the commercial, freeware and open source security tools are Nmap (Network Mapper), Etherpeek, Super Scan, QualysGuard, WebInspect and LC4, LANguard Network Security Scanner, Network Stumbler and ToneLoc. The capabilities of many security and hacking tools are often misunderstood, such as SATAN (Security Administrator Tool for Analyzing Networks) and Nmap. The other popular tools used in ethical hacking are Internet scanner, Ethreal, Nessus, Nikto, Kismet and THC-Scan (Kevin Beaver, 2007). Cain and able is a ethical tool used for recovery of windows UNIX problems. This is only password recovery tool handles an enormous variety of tasks. It can recover the password by sniffing the network, cracking the encrypted passwords using Dictionary and Cryptanalysis, recording VoIP conversations, decoding scrambled passwords, revealing the password boxes, uncovering cached passwords and analyzing routing protocols. Ethereal is a fantastic open source tool used as network protocol for UNIX and Windows. It allows examining the data which is present in disk or file and can capture the data. This is also known as Wire shark. It has many powerful features which have very rich display filter language and ability to view the TCP session. Another cracking tool Aircrack is the fastest available cracking tool (John Hyuk Park, Hsiao-Hwa Chen and Mohammed Atiquzzaman, 2009). Thus proper tools and techniques has to be used for better hacking and it will be easier by using more and more tools required. Hacking operating system Linux is the operating system which is most useful software that supports and will be helpful to identify the passwords and uses in detecting interruption there are many software tools are utilized for the hacking and security tools are used for the Linux. The tools which are using in this are not harmful tools this is especially used to protect. John the ripper: John the ripper is nothing but password hacking software technique which is usually used to develop for the UNIX operating system. This the most significant process which is used for password testing as it joins all password crackers into single package and the auto detects password hash types which involves the customizable cracker (Ryan, David R. Mirza Ahmad, 2002). It can be run among the different encrypted password methods which involves various crypt password hash forms where usually found on the different UNIX operating systems that is based on the DES, MD5 etc, Kerberos AFS and windows like XP, 200etc.Generally passwords are placed in the LDAP and other tools. Various types of components are used to expand the capability and for involving the MD4 related password hashes. The other one is the NMAP; Nmap is the used to protect the network. It is especially used to identify the network related services on the computer network by generating the map of the network . Nmap is having the ability to identify the services on the computer network instead of this it never advertises its service detection protocol (James turnbull, 2005). However the Nmap can collect many details regarding the remote computers. This will involve the operating system, and uptimes etc are the software products that are used to execute the service, and are used to involve on the local area networks and also on the dealer of the remote network card. Nmap can be run on the linux. Linux is the most important operating system and the windows are the second most important operating system. The other operating system used is Nessus, this software is used to scan the virus. The main aim of this software is used to identify the virus on the tested system such as; the virus will permit the data on to the network (Mark Carey, Russ Rogers, Paul Criscuolo and mike Petruzzi, 2008). Default passwords are utilized on the network accounts. This software is also called as the external to ol which is used to launch the attack. By making use of the mangled packets rejection of the service among the TCP/IP can be done. Nessus the best software used to scan the virus. Many organizations through out the world are using this software. The check Rootkit is the normal program which helps the administrator to check their system for the known rootkits ( James Turnbull, 2005). This program is the shell script by using the LINUX tools similar to the strings and the grep commands to seek out to carry out the core programs for the signatures with the executed process status command to look for inconsistency. This program alternatively use own commands to run. This tool will permit check rootkit to get confident the commands upon which it depend a bit more. Applications and resources Ethical hacking is nothing but the one which performs the hacks as security tests for their systems. Ethical hacking can be used in many applications in case of web applications which are often beaten down. This generally includes Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) applications are most frequently attacked because most of the firewalls and other security are things has complete access to these programs from the Internet. Malicious software includes viruses and Trojan horses which take down the system. Spam is a junk e-mail which causes violent and needless disturbance on system and storage space and carry the virus, so ethical hacking helps to reveal such attacks against in computer systems and provides the security of the system. The main application of this is to provide the security on wireless infrastructure which is the main purpose of present business organization (BT, 2008). Ethical hacking has become main stream in organizations which are wishing to test their intellectual and technical courage against the underworld. Ethical hacking plays important role in providing security. Resources are the computer related services that performs the tasks on behalf of user. In Ethical hacking the resources are the core services, objects code etc (James Tiller S, 2005). The ethical hacking has advantages of gaining access to an organizations network and information systems. This provides the security in the area of Information technology called as Infosec. This provides security to the high level attacks such as viruses and traffic trough a firewall. This has been providing the security for various applications which are even bypassing the firewalls, Intrusion-detection systems and antivirus software. This includes hacking specific applications including coverage of e-mails systems, instant messaging and VOIP (voice over IP). The resources i.e. devices, systems, and applications that are generally used while performing the ha cking process are Routers, Firewalls, Network infrastructure as a whole, wireless access points and bridges, web application and database servers, E-mail and file servers, workstations, laptops and tablet PCs, Mobile devices, client and server operating systems, client and server applications (Kevin Beaver, 2007). Ethical hacking tests both the safety and the security issues of the programs (Ashoke Talukder K and Manish Chaitanya, 2008). Hence from the above context it can be stated as the ethical hacking is important in the present scenario as providing security is very important now a day. This is very important in web applications as the hacking can be easily done in this case. Problems Ethical hacking is the backbone of network security. The basic problems with this is trustworthiness of the Ethical hacker because lets take an example if a person has been appointed to do Ethical hacking, to provide security for the bank financial issues if the person is not trust to believe this is not safe as the person only considered as thief. Sometimes the big organizations face any problem like there passwords has been hack, this case hiring professionals is very expensive and the organization need to spend a lot on this (Ethical Hacking, 2009). Ethical hacking is just the security to the problem it is not the ultimate solution to it. Ethical hacking report must be kept confidential because they highlight the organizations security risks and attacks. If this document has been falls into the wrong hand the result would be very disastrous for the organization, the main drawback here is the entire information of the organization will be in hands of wrong person and which leads to the loss of the company (Kimberly Graves, 2007). Ethical hacking generally involves breaking down the computer applications and by collecting specific information from the target the ethical hacker can successful to access the information and can reveal it. This results in that highly sensitive information about the targets security capabilities is collected and maintained far away from the owners control. If this information fall into wrong hands results in real attack on the company and another problem is if the information is leaked to the public or stockholders, the business will be in risk, which results in all types of disasters, including negative character by media, loss of customers and legal consequences (James Tiller S, 2005). Ethical hacking use tools while it performing the activity, if the methods and tools are used incorrectly they cause damage (Dr. Bruce Hartly V, 2003). Hence from the above context it can be stated as Ethical hacking provides security but behind th at it provides the disadvantages like the Ethical hacker should be trusted by the organization or business and in case sometimes highly professionals may cost the organization very much so that company has to provide from the unplanned budget and if it goes into the wrong persons hand the business will be in danger and loss of the organization will takes place. Chapter 3: Research Methodology of Hacking Data types: Data type is defined as the format of a data storage which is used to store different set of values. It tells about which type of data to be stored and where to be stored. Data is stored in computer memory. There are two types of data. They are primary data and secondary data. Both primary and secondary data illustrates the gathering of information and to satisfy the goals of business. Primary data is nothing but it is the data which is collected newly and for the first time. The primary data is original. It is the fresh data and is never gathered before. Secondary data is the data which is collected by others (Norman Blaikie, 2009). The data is collected from newspapers, magazines and journals. Secondary data is gathered before primary data since it is time consuming. Data is gathered newly in case of primary data so it takes much time. Secondary data consumes less time. Primary data is used in ethical hacking since the data gathered in this type of data is very efficient. Ethical h acking is used legally for the official purposes. Since primary data is unique and is not compared with any one, it is used in the process of ethical hacking (Rajat Khare, 2006) Hence from the above context it can be said that data types are useful in the ethical hacking. Case study: According to media and people the word hacking denotes misuse and collapse of computers. They describe it as unfair method of solving the problem. In the view of ethical hackers the word hacking refers to creative. One of the organization namely Amazon, it is not proposed to point out the lesser features but deals with tricks for working the company efficiently. Hackers and developers will create new characteristics for Amazon. They bring out the creative thinking and innovative ideas by their work in company (Paul Bausch, 2003). Mainly the ethical hacking is the good way to improve the existing methods and qualities. Many organizations follow these because one can know the administrative password of employees, can reach the behaviour of them and working performance. Employee performance and his project carryout can be studied through ethical hacking. These hackings look easy for them since they are engaged with the security firms to protect the Amazon fields. Not only in Amazon in e ach and every org